Chlorella: Masanin Muhalli na Jikin Dan Adam
Chlorella, wanda aka fi sani da "Huhun Duniya," wani nau'i ne mai koren algae guda ɗaya{0} na halittar Chlorella na phylum Chlorophyta. Wannan nau'in algae mai siffar ruwa guda ɗaya{2}, mai auna 3 zuwa 8 microns kawai a diamita, shine ɗayan farkon nau'ikan rayuwa a duniya. Godiya ga ingantaccen photosynthesis, Chlorella yana iya girma da kuma haifuwa ta hanyar tsarin autotrophic na photosynthetic kuma yana yaduwa sosai.
Shekaru biliyan da suka gabata, iskar oxygen na farko{0}samar da rayuwa ta fito a duniya: kore algae. Wannan kwayar halitta guda ɗaya -, wacce aka sani da "Huhun Duniya," tana ba da kusan kashi 90% na iskar oxygen ta duniya, tare da tsire-tsire suna ba da gudummawar sauran kashi 10%. Bayyanar koren algae ba wai kawai ya haɓaka nau'ikan rayuwa masu ƙima ba a duniya amma kuma ya zama tushen abinci ga halittu masu yawa, daga ƙaton whales zuwa ƙananan kwari na ƙasa. Bayan dogon tsari na juyin halitta na rayuwa mai kyau, koren algae ya ci gaba da bunƙasa a duniya, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin kwayoyin halitta a duniya.
Chlorella vulgaris na cikin ajin Chlorophyceae, dangin Chlorellaceae, kuma algae ce guda ɗaya -. Yawancin lokaci yana kasancewa ɗaya, amma wani lokacin yana samar da aggregates multicellular. Waɗannan sel suna da siffar siffa ko ellipsoidal, suna ƙunshe da ƙulli, ƙoƙo{3}}, ko faranti{4} mai siffar chloroplast. Chlorella tana haifuwa ta hanyar jima'i, tare da kowane tantanin halitta yana haifar da mahaifa biyu, hudu, takwas, ko goma sha shida. Lokacin da wadannan spores suka girma, mahaifiyar tantanin halitta ta rushe, ta saki spores kuma ta samar da sababbin mutane.
Ana samun Chlorella vulgaris a duk duniya, da farko a cikin ƙananan ruwa mai zurfi, ko da yake wasu nau'in marine suna faruwa. A zahiri, ana iya samun Chlorella a ƙananan lambobi, amma ana iya noma su da yawa. Wadannan algae suna da wadata a cikin furotin, mai, carbohydrates, da bitamin, suna sa su duka biyu masu amfani da su a matsayin koto.
A halin yanzu, akwai kusan nau'ikan Chlorella guda goma da aka sani, amma gami da bambance-bambancen su, adadin zai iya kaiwa ɗaruruwa. Ruwan ruwa shine farkon mazauninsu. Chlorella ba kawai mai sauƙi ba ne don noma amma kuma yana iya girma da kuma haifuwa ta amfani da tushen carbon carbon a ƙarƙashin yanayin photoautotrophic ko heterotrophic. Yawan saurin girma da haifuwar sa an bayar da rahoton cewa shine kawai shuka ko dabba a duniya wanda zai iya ninka girmansa a cikin sa'o'i 20, yana mai da daraja sosai ga aikace-aikace daban-daban. Nau'i na gama gari a cikin ƙasata sun haɗa da Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Chlorella ellipsoidea, da Chlorella vulgaris. Chlorella pyrenoidosa ta mallaki mafi girman darajar sinadirai saboda yawan furotin da ke cikinta.
A cikin 1890, Masanin ilimin halittu na Holland Dr. MW Beyenick, mai bincike na farko na koren algae, ya aza harsashin bincike na Chlorella. Daga baya, a cikin 1948, Amurka ta fara aikin noman Chlorella a waje, kuma a cikin 1964, masana'antun Taiwan Green Algae sun zama manyan masu samar da Chlorella na farko a duniya{{7}.
Chlorella yawanci ana noma shi a cikin ruwa mai laushi. Waɗannan algae guda ɗaya - tantanin halitta suna da siffar siffa, suna samun suna mai ƙauna "chlorella." Suna da ƙanƙanta sosai, tare da sel masu auna kusan microns 2{7}8, kama da girman jajayen ƙwayoyin jinin ɗan adam, suna buƙatar na'urar hangen nesa mai girman 600x don cikakken gani. Chlorella yana bayyana koren duhu saboda wadataccen abun ciki na chlorophyll da sauran launuka. Tsarin tantanin sa na musamman ne, yana da nau'i-nau'i, mai siffa ko chromatophores mai siffar faranti.
